Common Name: Korean Ginseng

The English name is derived from the Chinese “jîn-sim”, roughly meaning “person root.”

Scientific Name: Panax notoginseng (South China), Panax ginseng (Korea)

The genus name Panax comes from the Greek “panakos”, meaning “all-healing.”

Editorial Note: This entry is part of The Culinary Compendium’s ongoing ingredient archive and will be expanded as new sources are examined.

History: In China and Korea, ginseng has been used as traditional medicine for thousands of years. One of the earliest written texts to reference ginseng was Shennong Bencaojing, written in China in 196 AD. It was often prescribed to convalescing patients as a tonic for vitality. Korean ginseng was especially prized for its perceived superior potency.

By the Tang Dynasty (618–907 AD), ginseng was highly sought after, especially by emperors and the nobility. Chinese demand became so high that it became central to trade networks like the Silk Road. Wild ginseng was particularly sought after.

Wild ginseng grows naturally in the mountains and is hand-picked by gatherers. Because wild ginseng is rare and slow growing, it has, at times, been considered more valuable than gold. Its expensive reputation has led to overharvesting and poaching.

Interesting Facts: Red and white ginseng are the same plant; the difference comes from processing. White ginseng is simply dried, while red ginseng is steamed before drying and is believed to be more potent.

Geumsan County, Korea, is considered the “Ginseng Capital of the World.”

Uses: Traditionally, ginseng was used as a medicinal tonic to boost energy; however, its effectiveness has not been shown to produce promising results. That said, it still makes a nice herbal tea.

Selection & Storage: Ginseng roots should be firm, well-shaped, and free from excess blemishes. Older roots, especially those aged over 6 years, are considered more potent and are highly prized. Authentic Korean ginseng is labeled with its age and origin.

Dried ginseng should be stored in an airtight container away from excess heat, light, and humidity.

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